boyutpedia Chapter 221 From ancient times to the present, educational equity is still a problem
Chapter 221 From ancient times to the present, educational equity is still a problem
＜The north-south division was formed by the historical conditions and social environment at that time, and it is the best method＞
＜Chinese people have really valued reading since ancient times [covering face]＞
＜In ancient times, people studied hard for ten years. Today, if we count from primary school, we basically need to study for 16 years from junior high school to high school and college [covering face]＞
＜After watching these videos, I found that many of the methods we use now actually have similarities from ancient times＞
＜Is Lao Zhu's support for teaching in remote areas, encouraging great scholars and students from the Imperial College to go to remote areas, just like what our country says about voluntarily going to rural poor areas to teach?＞
[Su Shi in the third year of Song Xining: Study to gain knowledge and be aware of things, enter the official career in the future, make contributions to the country, and seek welfare for the people]
[Tang Taizong Li Shimin: We should learn from history to understand the rise and fall of nations]
...
Tang Dynasty, the third year of Zhenguan
Li Shimin was quite excited. The video on the light screen gave him a lot of inspiration.
"First of all, it's this technique..." He reminded Yan Liben who was not far below him: "Have you drawn them all?"
Yan Liben added as he took up his brush and replied to Li Shimin: "Your Majesty, it is almost done."
Li Shimin nodded and discussed with the civil officials.
"As long as papermaking and printing make great progress, there will be no worries about success."
"This move can divide the interests of the family."
"Official education should be taken seriously, and most people should be able to read. Teachers should also be carefully selected... I really plan to set up a library." Li Shimin has always been thinking about libraries and museums.
"Children from poor families now have books to read. These measures are a blessing for the people."
...
I was discussing the future with Ma Zhou and others, and everything was going well, but then a discordant voice emerged.
"Your Majesty, do not be impatient for quick success." Upon hearing these unpleasant words, Li Shimin knew it was Wei Zheng again.
Li Shimin had no choice but to nod, "I will remember this."
...
In fact, it was not only the civil officials who were surprised and inspired. On the other side, the military generals led by Li Jing also expressed their own ideas.
"They can't just study, they also have to set up a martial arts school, so they can study military books and learn military tactics before going to the battlefield..."
[The "North-South Divide" policy was not initiated by the Ming Dynasty. As we mentioned earlier, the imbalance in development between the north and the south was caused by war, which had already appeared in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty.
In the third year of Emperor Yingzong of Song's Zhiping reign, facing the uneven quota of admissions to the imperial examinations between the north and the south, the old friends Ouyang Xiu and Sima Guang had a debate.
[Ouyang Xiu, a native of Jiangxi] believed that "the state selects scholars based on their talents", which means that everyone should be equal in the face of the imperial examination.
[Sima Guang, a native of Henan] proposed "recruiting people from each route", believing that "in ancient times, the number of households in a county or state was used as a ratio for selecting scholars. Now, there may be no one who has passed the examination in several routes, so we request that the Imperial Examination Hall recruit people from each route". The reform plan proposed by Sima Guang was to select one person from every ten people in each route. If there were less than ten people, one person would be selected if there were more than six people, and no one would be selected if there were less than five people.
It seems to us that Sima Guang's idea of "recruiting people from different regions" is actually quite similar to the Ming Dynasty's policy of "dividing the volumes into the north and the south".
However, Sima Guang's "one out of ten" reform plan was too simple and crude, and was more of an idealistic color.
In the Song Dynasty, northerners were good at classics and history, while southerners were good at literature. Ouyang Xiu pointed out that Sima Guang saw that there were more Jinshi candidates from the south and fewer from the north in each examination, so he wanted to change the law to select more Jinshi candidates from the north. These views are biased, and analyzed: Now, the southeastern states have only 20 to 30 candidates for a population of 2,000 to 3,000, which is one out of 100. The northwestern states have a maximum of 100 candidates, and the number of candidates is more than 10, which is one out of 10.
The debate lasted for a long time, and all parties argued endlessly. Song Yingzong finally decided to follow the old law and continue the imperial examination system.
Although both sides were suspected of factional strife, they were actually both trying to maintain fairness. Ouyang Xiu advocated fairness in the sense that "everyone is equal before the imperial examination", while Sima Guang advocated regional fairness in the sense that "everyone has a share of opportunities".
Sima Guang’s idea was good, but it was suspected of being partisan.
Sima Guang is a traitor
＜Except for his political views, which were a bit conservative and a bit capitulationist, Sima Guang was pretty good. The Zizhi Tongjian he compiled was quite interesting, but after reading millions of words, I felt a little empty＞
＜Hahaha, you might as well say Sima Guang should just edit a book＞
＜If that’s the case, many people in the Northern Song Dynasty simply resigned from their posts and returned home to develop their talents seriously.＞
[Sima Guang, the third year of Song Xining: ...These are all from the bottom of my heart!!! Moreover, I have never thought of harming the interests of the Song Dynasty, let alone being a traitor?!]
[Ouyang Xiu in the third year of Song Xining: Oh, it happened during the Zhiping period, that is true, but I still stick to my idea.]
[Song Renzong Zhao Zhen: So, the north-south problem of our Song Dynasty is also becoming increasingly serious]
[Tang Taizong Li Shimin: If we talk about this, we have to blame @Tang Xuanzong Li Longji. Tell me, if you had properly solved those problems during your tenure, prevented the An-Shi Rebellion, and allowed the Tang Dynasty to safely survive the past 200 years, would there have been so many problems?]
[Shen Kuo, in the third year of Song Xining: Ahem, in fact, according to the course of history, to use the common saying of later generations, this is also the inevitable development of history]
[Tang Xuanzong Li Longji: Under my rule, it is still the Kaiyuan prosperous era, and the Anshi Rebellion will never happen again.]
[Princess Taiping of Wu Zhou: ...Sanlang is really becoming more and more arrogant]
...
Song Dynasty, Xining Year 3
Sima Guang was filled with indignation. He knew that Guangmu didn't like him. But he would never allow himself to be labeled a traitor for no reason!!!
Originally, he planned to resign from his official position and compile a book behind closed doors, but the government did not allow it and told him that this was the most critical moment in the Song Dynasty's reform and his help was needed.
Therefore, he still had some complaints about Wang Anshi's reforms, but every time he raised doubts, Wang Anshi would listen with a smile, and then make changes in practice. He was completely different from his previous stubborn temper... He seemed to be a very stingy person...
Well, it’s better to edit a book.
Zhao Xu discovered in the palace that a person's comments on the screen made a lot of sense (but it was hard to understand...).
"Shen Kuo?"
When Zhao Xu was thinking that the name Shen Kuo was somewhat familiar, he heard Wang Anshi's voice.
"Prince, do you know him?"
"Your Majesty, Shen Kuo served as a proofreader in the Imperial Library in the first year of Xining. Later, he returned to his hometown to mourn his mother's death," Wang Anshi explained.
"I see that this man is very knowledgeable. Alas, there is no rush. Let's wait until he returns to the capital to report on his work before entrusting him with important tasks!" Although Zhao Xu was extremely eager for talents, Shen Kuo was in mourning after all, so let's wait until he comes back.
At this moment, Shen Kuo, who was mourning in Qiantang, had no idea that he had caught the attention of the government just because of the comments he posted on the screen.
...
[What is more realistic is that there is actually no best of both worlds. Even in a fair and just system, after a fixed group of beneficiaries emerges, the final effect will gradually decrease and deviate from the original intention.
The "North-South List" case happened more than 600 years ago, and people still discuss it today. It has to be said that fairness in examinations has always been a problem.
We have always said that educational equity is the foundation of social equity, so promoting the development of education means benefiting more people. Balanced development of education is also a necessary condition for achieving educational equity.
my country has a large population with uneven distribution. It is a long and arduous task to fully realize educational equity. Although the imperial examination system was abolished in the late Qing Dynasty and has since left the stage of Chinese history, its core of open examination, fair competition and admission based on merit is still the unremitting pursuit of all countries.
Therefore, on the road of exploring fairness, there is no perfect system. All we can do is to learn from history and slowly find new systems and new fairness.
This issue, end]
＜It is fair, but it is also unfair. Didn’t I just finish the college entrance examination last month? I remember watching a lot of videos discussing the four provinces and Sichuan and other places… Alas, there is still a long way to go! ＞
＜Now that you have studied for more than ten years and entered university through the college entrance examination, it does not mean that you will be successful and have a bright future. It is just for the sake of better work in the future…＞
＜“Reading is not for the sake of reading, but for the sake of feeling and understanding life.”＞
＜Everyone is equal in front of the exam, and everyone is equal in front of the opportunity. The college entrance examination is different in different regions, and the examination papers are also different. The education level in different places is different. In ancient times, only fake people would appear in the exam, but now the supervision is stricter＞
＜As expected, all history is contemporary history.＞
＜China’s Problem＞
＜See you next time＞
[Tang Taizong Li Shimin: It has always been a difficult problem since ancient times.]
[Emperor Wu of Han Liu Che: The system cannot remain unchanged, it must change according to current events]
[Song Renzong Zhao Zhen: The future seemed to be visible through the light curtain]
[Su Shi in the third year of Song Xining: I am like a mayfly in the universe, a grain of sand in the vast ocean]
[Ming Hongwu Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang: So, the laws of our ancestors cannot be changed. This is a big mistake...]
[Emperor Zhengde of Ming Dynasty Zhu Houzhao: Uh…I dare not say]
[Emperor Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, Zhu Houcong: This thing is used by the ministers to suppress you]
[Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin: Isn’t studying for the purpose of becoming an official?]
...